Atomic clock technology has the following important applications in power systems:

1. Time Synchronization

• Grid Dispatch Automation:

The dispatch of power systems requires real-time monitoring and coordination of the operating status of each substation and power plant. Atomic clocks provide high-precision time synchronization signals, enabling the dispatch center to accurately obtain information from each node, ensure the accurate execution of dispatch instructions, and achieve stable operation of the power grid. For example, when performing power grid flow calculations and dispatch decisions, accurate time synchronization can ensure the consistency of data at each node and improve the accuracy of calculation results.

• Relay Protection And Fault Location:

When a power grid fails, the relay protection device needs to make accurate actions in a very short time to cut off the faulty part to protect the power grid equipment and maintain system stability. The high-precision time synchronization of atomic clocks can enable relay protection devices at different locations to work under a unified time reference, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of fault judgment and action. At the same time, in fault location, accurate time information helps to accurately calculate the location and time sequence of the fault, and quickly troubleshoot and repair the fault.

2. Electricity Metering

• Accurate Electricity Metering:

Electricity metering devices such as smart meters require accurate time to record the use of electricity in order to achieve accurate billing and reasonable management of electricity resources. The high-precision time base provided by the atomic clock can ensure the metering accuracy of the meter at different times, avoid inaccurate metering caused by time errors, and ensure the fairness and justice of electricity transactions.

• Power Load Monitoring And Analysis:

Through the accurate time provided by the atomic clock, the power system can accurately monitor and analyze the power load in different time periods. This helps power companies to reasonably arrange power generation plans, optimize the operation mode of the power grid, and improve the operating efficiency and economy of the power system.

3. Power Communication

• Communication Network Synchronization:

The power communication network is an important support for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system. The atomic clock can provide high-precision time synchronization signals for communication equipment, ensure that data transmission, exchange and processing in the communication network are carried out under a unified time base, improve the reliability and stability of communication, and avoid data transmission errors and delays.

• Smart Grid Communication:

In the construction of smart grid, a large number of distributed energy, smart devices and user terminals need to be connected and interacted through communication networks. Atomic clock technology can provide accurate time synchronization for smart grid communication, support real-time data acquisition, control instruction transmission and other functions, and promote the efficient operation and development of smart grid.

4. Application Of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)

• Dynamic Monitoring Of Power Grid:

PMU is an important device for real-time monitoring of the dynamic characteristics of power grid. It can measure the voltage, current phasor and other information of the power grid. Atomic clocks provide high-precision time synchronization for PMU, so that PMUs in different locations can synchronously collect data, accurately reflect the dynamic changes of the power grid, and provide strong support for the stability analysis, fault diagnosis and control of the power grid.

• Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS):

WAMS measures and monitors the power grid over a wide area through a network composed of multiple PMUs. Atomic clock technology ensures the time synchronization accuracy between PMUs in WAMS, realizes real-time perception and analysis of the global state of the power grid, helps to timely discover potential problems in the power grid and improve the security defense capability of the power grid.